The final part focuses on the broader implications and the questions they should now ask about their governance and sustainability journeys.

Building on the conceptual discussion from the first article, this second part presents new empirical evidence on how Italian family firms integrate ESG principles across borders.

This article opens a three-part series on Family Firms' Sustainability and Governance in a Global Context. Drawing on international research and original analysis, the series explores: theoretical insights into the governance paradox of family firms; empirical evidence from Italian family firms' governance practices and their sustainability strategies in worldwide FDIs (Foreign Direct Investments); practical implications of the research and questions for family firms worldwide.